MPEG-1
MPEG-1 is an audio and video coding format adopted by the MPEG group. MPEG-1 video format is used by VCDs in other words; an older digital video compression format developed in the early 1990s by the Moving Picture Experts Group. MPEG-1 video was designed for lower-resolution video played from CD-ROM and provides picture quality somewhat comparable to VHS (typically 352x240 resolution). Used for Video CD discs.
Image quality approximates the bitrate of VHS tapes. MPEG-1 audio layer 3 is the long name of the popular MP3 format. With the advent of cheaper and more powerful decoding hardware cards, some formats such as MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 were developed.
Although these new formats require more complex and faster hardware, they provide better compression and image quality.
MPEG-1 History
MPEG-1's predecessor for video encoding was the H.261 standard (now known as ITU-T) produced by CCITT. The underlying architecture established in H.261 was the motion compensated DCT hybrid video encoding framework. Uses 16×16 macroblocks with block-based motion estimation in the encoder and motion compensation using motion vectors selected by the encoder in the decoder, 8×8 with residual difference encoding using a discrete cosine transform (DCT) in dimension, scalar quantization and variable length codes ( Huffman codes ) for entropy encoding. H.261 was the first practical video coding standard, and all of the design elements described were also used in MPEG-1.
The Standard consists of the following five Parts:
- Systems (co-storage and synchronization of video, audio and other data)
- Video (compressed video content)
- Audio (compressed audio content)
- Conformity testing (testing the accuracy of the standard's implementations)
- Reference software (sample software showing how to encode and decode according to the standard)
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